The Beginnings of Aikido
The name \’Aikido\’ is created by the permutation of three characters in the Japanese language. \’Ai\’, which means \’joining\’; \’ki\’, which means \’spirit\’ and \’do\’, which signifies \’way\’. These three characters actually sum up the essence of Aikido as a kind of martial art: \’the joining of the spirit to find the way\’. It was only in the period from 1930\’s to the 1940\’s that the name Aikido was formally accepted as the name of this martial art variety.
Aikido uses techniques that do not seriously injure or kill not like other kinds of martial art. The techniques and skills being taught are simply intended to distract attention or stop attackers. This is perhaps the reason why most people prefer Aikido, due to its concentration on peace and harmony as opposed to violence and conflict. In deed, Aikido developer, Morihei Ueshiba, believes that to be in charge of anger without causing any harm is the art of peace.
Ueshiba, who is also called Osensei, which signifies \’Great Teacher\’, formed Aikido from the doctrine of Daito-ryu aiki-jujutsu. He incorporated the methods of the \’yari\’, the spear; the \’juken\’, the bayonet; and the \’jo\’, which is a short quarterstaff. But what ultimately distinguishes Aikido from other types of martial art is the fact that its proponents can strike while empty-handed. Proponents require no arms for their protection.
As a young child, he was greatly into physical fitness and conditioning. This was because of his oath to avenge his father\’s attackers. Eventually, his studies and actions brought him to the discipline of the various martial arts. He studied several of them. He even has qualifications for fencing, fighting with spears, etc. He has learned it all. This is perhaps the reason why Aikido is such a disparate and multi-disciplinary form of martial art.
Yet in spite of his skill, he remained discontented. He felt that there was still something missing. It was then that he turned to the religions. He studied under a spiritual leader, Onisaburo Deguchi of the sect named Omoto-kyo in Ayabe. Deguchi taught him to take care of his psychic growth. He then combined his spiritual beliefs and his mastery of the different martial arts and Aikido was born.
His association with this fascinating spiritual leader Deguchi also paved the path for his introduction to the elite political and military personnel as a martial artist. Because of this connection, he was able to launch Aikido and even pass on his knowledge to students, who have, in turn, developed their own methods and techniques in Aikido.
Aikido is a blend of the different styles of jujitsu as well as some of the techniques of sword and spear fighting, of which Ueshiba was an expert. To obtain an general picture, Aikido combines the joint locks and throws of jujitsu and the techniques of the body necessary when fighting with swords and spears.
Oriental in origin, it was brought to the West by Minoru Mochizuki when he visited France in 1951. He introduced the Aikido techniques to students who were studying judo. In 1952, Tadashi Abe came to France as the official Aikikai Honbu spokesperson. Then in 1953, Kenji Tomiki toured throughout the United States while Koichi Tohei stayed in Hawaii for a full year where he set up a dojo. Aikido then spread its influence in the United Kingdom two years after and in 1965, it reached Germany and Australia. At present, Aikido has centres all over the world.
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